A The perceived importance of native and invasive alien plant and mammal species for ecosystem functioning in Austria rated by the three stakeholder groups. Scale: -2 (very unimportant) to 2 (very important) B The physical appearance of native and invasive alien plant and mammal species rated by the three stakeholder groups. Scale: -2 (not aesthetic) to 2 (very aesthetic) C Does the species belonging to Austrian ecosystems as rated by the three stakeholder groups. Scale: -2 (No) to 2 (Yes) D Assessment of the acceptance of the management method “clearing (plants)/shooting (mammals)”. Scale: -2 (not acceptable) to 2 (very acceptable) E Assessment of the acceptance of the management method “killing by chemical agents”. Scale: -2 (not acceptable) to 2 (very acceptable) F Assessment of the acceptance of the management method “legal measures” (e.g. prohibition of keeping, trading and releasing, import bans). Scale: -2 (not acceptable) to 2 (very acceptable). For significance tests, see main text.