A tentative hierarchical structure linking frameworks in invasion science. Three levels are proposed here, though details at the finest level are only shown for one component—the part of the Unified Framework that addresses transport across the geographic barrier. Numbers represent papers in the special issue as per Appendix 1 and are placed according to how they fit in with the existing frameworks. Papers touch on multiple aspects and different hierarchical levels. However, each paper is only indicated once on the diagram at the place we feel it contributes the most; except for 19. Sinclair et al., which, to highlight how some studies are cross-cutting, is plotted on levels A and B, and, as the paper also discusses how the transport process should be viewed as a coupled-human natural system (CHANS), it could arguably have been plotted on level C as presented here as well. At level B (the core of invasion science), there are well established frameworks for the impacts of species and the introduction-naturalisation-invasion continuum, but there are no equivalent well recognised frameworks for interventions (or the impacts on sites). The intervention activities shown are based on the categories used by the Cambridge Conservation Forum framework for evaluating projects with the addition of a pathway management activity (Kapos et al. 2008).