Control cost measures per benefit point (BP) for each invasive alien species (IAS) Average total cost of control measure in million USD divided by total BP. The upper panel and lower panel show the results for IAS with total cost (in in million USD.)/BP being larger and smaller than 10 respectively. N=28, as control costs were too uncertain to estimate this cost/benefit ratios for two IAS, Eutrochium purpureum and Solidago canadensis.