Effects of square-root-transformed neighbour biomass on target performance a, b square-root-transformed aboveground biomass (n = 168) and c, d total seed mass (shown on a log-scale, n = 167), depending on a, c minimum residence time (MRT) or b, d invasion status in the nutrient-rich soil. To illustrate the interaction between continuous MRT and neighbour biomass in (a, c), a few representative values were chosen.