Visualisation of the co-occurrence network for both ranges.. Red lines connect pairs of species that have a negative association. The numbers are the species ID and each of the three types of species have a separate enumeration for each country (see Suppl. material 1: Table S1). To improve visualisation, only species involved in non-random negative associations are represented. A Negative association network of all species in the native range (Spain), where three networks have been identified, one large (a) and two smaller ones (b, c). B Negative association network of all species of the invaded range (Chile), where two networks have been identified, a large one (d) and a smaller one (e).