"Element of Equation 1";Question;"Mathematical formulation";"Examples of interpretation" Vs;"What relative value do you place on individuals of different species?";"What is the distribution of Vs?";"If a few species have a disproportionately high value compared to others, i.e. speciesism, the distribution of Vs is highly skewed. If all species have a similar value, the distribution of Vs is even." Is;"What measure(s) of impact do you consider?";"What is the unit of Is? How to quantify Is?";"If only individual survival matters, Is can be quantified as the probability of death, and assessed through surveys. If animal wellbeing matters, approaches based on physical aspect, stress, etc. can be used to quantify Is." a;"Do you value individuals or species? If you value species, should rare species have more values than common ones?";"What is the value of a? Is a positive or negative?";"If every individual is valued the same (regardless of which species they are) then a=1. This means that common species will be more highly valued overall in the assessment of the conservation action. If all species are valued the same (regardless of differences in abundance) then a=0. This means that individuals of a rare species will be more highly valued than individuals of a common species in direct proportion to the abundance of the species. If rare species are valued more than common ones then a<0."