"Steps in CBA";"Eradication of H. mantegazzianum in Germany" "Definition of purpose";"Compare different control measures for H. mantegazzianum; select the most effective strategy for eradication" "Definition of perspective";"Perspective of benefits: direct use value for population from uninfested landscapes in terms of recreation value; perspective of costs: costs for implementation of eradication measures" "Identification of scope and scale";"National level based on regional data of districts; costs: based on survey data of n = 287 districts and own calculations; benefits: survey data of n = 282 German households and own calculations" "Assumptions for time frame";"Costs were calculated over a time period of 10 years; benefits were calculated as one single payment as result of a choice experiment survey for change of the status quo situation (‘willingness to pay’ for defined eradication measure per household and year)" "Assumptions for discount rate";"We assume 1-3% discounting (material costs) per year, 1% increase of labor costs and 1% inflation rate per year; additionally we added an excess burden of taxation at the rate of 15%" "Definition of baseline scenario";"No official intervention (due to unknown/uncertain data); (uncertain) national cost estimations of average 10 million per year (Reinhardt et al. 2003) in discussion section" "List and select control options";"Root destruction, mechanical cutting, chemical treatment and grazing (for further details see Table 1 and 2)" "Select appropriate scenarios";"We calculate optimistic and pessimistic scenarios for small, medium, large, non-protected and protected areas. In the pessimistic scenario, we assume twice re-infestation within ten years; in the optimistic scenario, we assume no re-infestation after successfully conducted control measures. Chemical eradication includes costs of renaturation. Because we do not consider all measures to be successfull at once, we calculate 30% additonal costs for monitoring (ten years) and 50% additonal costs for after-treatment (each measure)." "Estimate direct costs and benefits";"Cost of labor and cost of materials (see Table 5), net present values for suggested control options within the two scenarios (see Table 6); benefits: willingness to pay of 9 Euro for measure per year and person, received from n = 282 German households" "Estimate indirect costs and benefits";"Due to lacking reliable data base, no precise cost of indirect effects or side effects have been calculated. However, we address this issue. Indirect benefits are the avoided indirect cost of the baseline scenario (which we do not include here)." "Compare benefits and costs";"B/C ratio was determined by comparing the costs incurred by eradication control with the benefits resulting from eradication as direct use value. The resulting ratio expresses the efficiency of the policy scenario." "Perform sensitivity analysis";"We calculate switching values and overestimation factors to address the reliability of WTP results (compare Bräuer and Suhr 2005)."