The primary management tool used by stakeholders against three case study PnPs (ALB = Asian longhorn beetle; OPM = Oak processionary moth; PRA = Phytophthora ramorum). Tools displayed left to right are listed in order top to bottom in the key from biosecurity on the left to no management on the right.

 
 
  Part of: Green S, Dehnen-Schmutz K, Drakulic J, Eschen R, Orazio C, Douma JC, Lundén K, Colombari F, Jactel H (2023) Awareness, detection and management of new and emerging tree pests and pathogens in Europe: stakeholders’ perspectives. In: Jactel H, Orazio C, Robinet C, Douma JC, Santini A, Battisti A, Branco M, Seehausen L, Kenis M (Eds) Conceptual and technical innovations to better manage invasions of alien pests and pathogens in forests. NeoBiota 84: 9-40. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.84.95761